➀ Tariffs have encouraged US memory buyers to get their orders in Q1, reducing inventories;

➁ DRAM prices expected to fall 0-5% QoQ in Q2, with HBM pricing to rise 3-8% due to HBM3e shipments;

➂ Samsung's HBM qualification progress slower than expected, but no significant capacity shift back to DRAM;

➃ SK hynix focusing on server and mobile DRAM, limiting PC DDR5 supply;

➄ DDR4 prices weak due to consumer demand and capacity expansion, with PC DRAM prices expected to remain flat QoQ in Q2;

➅ Server DRAM demand driven by top North American CSPs and AI server investment in China, with DDR5 prices expected to stabilise in Q2;

➆ Mobile DRAM demand improved, with LPDDR4X supply ample but prices expected to decline modestly;

➇ GDDR7 demand from next-gen graphics cards, with prices expected to hold flat or slightly down due to tight supply;

➈ GDDR6 prices expected to decline 3-8%, with suppliers bundling to stabilise pricing and clear inventory;

➉ Consumer DRAM seeing more aggressive purchasing, with DDR4 contract prices expected to rise 0-5% in 2Q25, and DDR3 prices likely to remain flat.

➀ A student at the University of Applied Sciences in Hagen, Melanie Welp, has developed a contactless timing system for Paralympic swimming to prevent injury from head impacts.

➁ The prototype uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure the time at six meters and 50 centimeters before the edge of the pool.

➂ The system has been tested and shown to be possible without causing injury to swimmers.

➀ SEMI announced a 2% year-over-year growth forecast for front-end fab equipment spending in 2025, reaching $110 billion;

➁ This growth is driven by demand in HPC and memory sectors, as well as the increasing integration of AI;

➂ The Logic & Micro segment is expected to be a key driver of growth, with investments reaching $52 billion in 2025 and $59 billion in 2026.

➀ A trawler caught 7 1/2 times as much fish as with conventional driftnet methods using new electronic fish-finding equipment developed by Kelvin and Hughes (Marine) limited;

➁ The story dates back to 65 years ago, when CERES (Combined Echo Ranging Echo Sounding) equipment was introduced;

➂ CERES combined echo-ranging and echo-sounding to improve fishing efficiency.

➀ Ed向他的日记透露，执政不到一年的工党政府正在削减福利预算；

➁ 总理认为Ed是一个多面手，经常找他解决问题，Ed成了他的跑腿；

➂ 总理希望Ed帮助解决长期病假人员的问题，以减少福利预算开支，并避免政府形象受损。

➀ The article discusses how 3D NAND flash memory is becoming essential for meeting the increasing data storage needs driven by AI. It highlights the shift from 2D to 3D NAND structures, which allow higher storage density through vertical stacking.

➁ Key players like Samsung, Western Digital, and SK Hynix are mentioned as leaders in 3D NAND technology. The article also explores innovations in cryogenic etching technology, which enhances etching capabilities and addresses scaling challenges.

➂ The global NAND flash memory market is expected to grow significantly, reaching $83 billion by 2036. Lam Research is noted as a market leader in 3D NAND dielectric etching, with advancements like the Lam Cryo™ 3.0 enabling more efficient and precise etching processes.

➀ Researchers developed lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver mRNA encoding the KRAS G12D neoantigen and cGAMP to reprogram the liver's immune environment and generate an antitumor response against metastatic pancreatic cancer.

➁ The LNPs successfully activated the type I interferon pathway, leading to the generation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells capable of recognizing and attacking metastatic cancer cells.

➂ The study suggests that combining KRAS mRNA with a STING agonist strengthens the immune response against PDAC and offers a more effective approach than traditional immunotherapies.

➀ Ed reflects on the sources of €1trn and his strategy to secure a share of it;

➁ Ed discusses the possibility of the US raising €800 billion for 'ReArm Europe' and €200 billion for 'InvestAI';

➂ Ed's assignment to the EU as 'Digital Envoy' and his plan to spend on meals and indulgences to identify influential figures in the spending of the funds.

➀ A research team led by Professor Kyu-Young Park from POSTECH has developed technology to significantly increase the lifespan and energy density of electric vehicle (EV) batteries;

➁ The technology involves a 'nano-spring coating' technique that improves battery stability and performance;

➂ The research is published in ACS Nano and has the potential to revolutionize EV battery technology.

➀ A new type of miniaturized pumps and valves using ultra-thin silicon films is presented at the Hannover Messe, developed by researchers at Saarland University. These pumps and valves operate without air pressure, motors, and lubricants, and can be operated in clean rooms. The team demonstrates a prototype of a new vacuum pump that can draw a vacuum up to 300 millibars.

➁ The technology is cost-effective, lightweight, and energy-efficient compared to current methods, with a 400 times lower energy consumption compared to conventional air-driven valves.

➂ The researchers have developed a novel actuator and pump technology that can be used in various applications, including robotic grippers, speakers, smart textiles, and haptic feedback.

➀ A team from Saarland University's Faculty of Engineering and Medicine is developing smart implants at the university and university hospital to monitor and promote healing in body bone fractures.

➁ The robotic implants can stiffen and soften through shape-memory technology, allowing for permanent monitoring of fracture healing.

➂ The research team is miniaturizing the technology for use in market screws as part of an EU project.

➀ The Q4 DRAM market grew 9.9%, reaching over $28 billion;

➁ Seasonal Q1 weakness and weakening CSP demand are expected to lower prices in the current quarter;

➂ Samsung remained the top DRAM supplier with $11.25 billion in revenue, followed by Hynix and Micron.

➀ Lois Rossmann, a renowned RepairTuber, expresses disappointment with Brother's shift towards becoming an 'anti-consumer printer company';

➁ Brother's recent firmware updates have disabled third-party toner and prevented color registration functionality on color devices;

➂ Older firmware versions are being removed from support portals, making it difficult for users to roll back updates.

➀ NAND manufacturers are often overlooked in the AI boom despite their role in storage.

➁ The demand for DRAM, especially HBM, in AI computing far outstrips that for NAND, which is primarily used for secondary storage.

➂ The NAND market has experienced ups and downs, with a surge in demand for enterprise SSDs driven by AI servers and a decline in consumer demand.

➃ SanDisk's HBF technology offers a potential new direction for NAND, providing high bandwidth and capacity for AI inference applications.

➄ NAND manufacturers are exploring other avenues, such as increasing storage density and optimizing production capacity, to adapt to the AI market.

➀ The storage market, including NAND and DRAM, has been severely impacted since the third quarter of 2021, with DRAM prices falling by 57% and NAND prices by 55%;

➁ The market began to recover in the second half of 2023, driven by the rise of AI and the demand for HBM in AI chips;

➂ However, the warm season did not last long, and the storage market seems to be facing another winter at the beginning of 2025;

➃ NAND prices are expected to remain low in the first half of 2025, but SSD shipments are expected to increase in the second half due to growing demand for AI servers;

➄ DRAM prices are also expected to decline significantly in the first quarter of 2025, mainly due to weak consumer demand and excess supply of DDR4 memory modules;

➅ The DRAM industry is expected to shift its focus to DDR5 and HBM in the future, as these technologies are becoming increasingly important in data centers and AI applications.