➀ China-made DDR5 memory chips are nearly 40% larger than Samsung's; ➁ CXMT's 16 Gb DDR5 memory IC has a larger die size due to less advanced chipmaking technology; ➂ The cost of CXMT's DDR5 chips is likely higher than Micron, Samsung, and SK Hynix due to the larger die size.

➀ Russia unveils a plan to develop its own EUV lithography machines; ➁ The machines will use a laser with a 11.2nm wavelength, incompatible with existing EUV infrastructure; ➂ The development is divided into three stages, with the first focusing on foundational research.

➀ TSMC has started the equipment installation for its first 2-nanometer fabrication facility in Kaohsiung, Taiwan; ➁ The project is ahead of schedule by six months; ➂ The milestone marks a significant acceleration of TSMC's technological advancement.

➀ OpenAI considered acquiring Cerebras in 2017 to reduce its reliance on Nvidia; ➁ The deal was shelved due to potential conflicts of interest; ➂ Cerebras is now preparing for an IPO and has raised $715 million.

➀ The U.S. Department of Commerce finalizes $6.6 billion in funding for TSMC's Fab 21 in Arizona; ➁ TSMC plans to build chips on A16 and N2 process technologies by the end of the decade; ➂ The site will create over 6,000 manufacturing jobs and 20,000 construction jobs.

➀ Intel is expected to announce a $3.5 billion military foundry contract; ➁ The contract is part of the Secure Enclave program administered by the US Department of Commerce; ➂ The contract shows the US government's confidence in Intel's ability to regain cutting-edge chipmaking capability.

➀ Rapidus Corp. is seeking to raise ¥100 billion ($696 million) to finance its chip development efforts; ➁ The company is approaching existing investors including Toyota, Sony, SoftBank, and MUFG Bank, as well as new investors such as Mizuho Bank and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp.; ➂ Rapidus is part of Japan's campaign to regain leadership in the global chip industry.