➀ Nanusens CEO Dr. Josep Montanyà discusses the company's patented NEMS technology and its applications in sensors and AI processors; ➁ The company's focus on RF DTC and its potential to revolutionize smartphone technology; ➂ Challenges faced in fundraising and the company's strategic shift to focus on RF products; ➃ The potential of vacuum transistors in AI processors and Nanusens' plans for future development.

➀ Destination 2D, a Milpitas startup with Konstantin Novoselov as its chief scientist, has developed graphene interconnects for ICs using a CMOS process. ➁ The company's doped graphene sheets have current densities 100 times denser than copper. ➂ Destination 2D uses a pressure-assisted direct deposition technique and intercalation doping to achieve high current densities.

➀ SemiQon claims to have developed the 'world's first transistor capable of functioning efficiently in cryogenic conditions'; ➁ The transistors are FD-SoI mosfets designed for sub-1K operation and can be mass-produced using existing CMOS fabs; ➂ The transistors are made on 150mm SOI wafers and could operate at 500MHz with each dissipating 2pW.

➀ X-FAB has introduced four new high-performance photodiodes; ➁ The photodiodes are optimized for various wavelengths and applications such as smoke detection and proximity sensing; ➂ The new photodiodes offer improved sensitivity and reduced chip area compared to the previous generation.

➀ Sony announced the release of the ISX038 CMOS image sensor for automotive cameras, with a 1/1.7-inch sensor size and approximately 8.39 million effective pixels. The sensor is the first in the industry to handle and output both RAW and YUV images simultaneously. It features a stack structure with a pixel chip and a logic chip with Sony's SSS ISP, providing high-precision detection and recognition capabilities for the environment outside the vehicle. However, the high price of the product has sparked controversy. ➁ Sony's product is priced at 15,000 yen (about $100), which is at least twice as high as the price of similar products from Chinese manufacturers. ➃ The market for automotive cameras is growing due to the rise of intelligent driving, with China leading in the production and sales of new energy vehicles. Chinese CMOS suppliers are also emerging as a result.

➀ A subdermal optical device has been developed for precise brain monitoring and stimulation. It is ultrathin and based on CMOS technology, allowing for less-invasive studies of neural activity. ➁ The device, known as SCOPe, is flexible and lensless, with a total thickness of less than 200 µm. ➂ Initial tests have shown its potential in tracking brain activity and decoding motor behavior in non-human primates.

➀ An introduction to semiconductors and their conductivity properties; ➁ Explanation of the concept of doping and its effect on semiconductor conductivity; ➂ Overview of BCD, CMOS, FinFET, SOI, GaN, and SiC technologies and their applications.

➀ Nitron is highlighted as a company that was a significant player in the semiconductor industry but is often overlooked in Silicon Valley's history; ➁ The company had access to advanced processes such as n-channel, p-channel, CMOS, and MNOS and produced products like EAROMs; ➂ Despite its contributions, Nitron did not gain widespread recognition.

➀ The Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS) is collaborating with 24 German research institutions and companies to develop a fully German quantum computer using superconducting quantum chips with reduced error rates. ➁ A first demonstrator, halfway through the project, is now operational, featuring advanced CMOS semiconductor manufacturing expertise. ➂ The project, supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, aims to develop a system with next-generation superconducting circuits and very low error rates, positioning it as a global leader in quantum computing technology.

➀ Smartphones market rebound boosts CMOS sensor suppliers' performance. ➁ Chinese CMOS companies like OV, GalaxyCore, and Smartsens report significant revenue and profit growth. ➂ Huawei and Xiaomi adopting domestic CMOS sensors in high-end models, aiding in narrowing the gap with international competitors.

➀ ROHM has developed the TLR377GYZ, an ultra-compact CMOS op amp optimized for sensor signal amplification in smartphones and IoT devices. ➁ The device achieves high accuracy with a maximum offset voltage of 1mV and low noise performance without increasing transistor size. ➂ The TLR377GYZ features a WLCSP package, reducing size by 69% compared to conventional products and 46% over existing compact products.

1. Imec has introduced a CMOS 56Gbit/s zero-IF D-band beam-forming transmitter at the IEEE RFIC Symposium. 2. The technology aims to support short-range wireless services above 100GHz, targeting applications in data centers, fixed wireless access, and extended reality. 3. The transmitter, operating between 120 and 145GHz, is part of a four-way beamforming transceiver chip under development.