➀ A study demonstrates that incorporating polymorphic FAPbI₃ perovskite nanofillers into PVDF films via 3D printing enhances triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) performance;

➁ Annealing triggers a phase transition from δ to α-phase FAPbI₃, increasing PVDF’s β-phase content (up to 83%) and creating mesoporous structures for higher charge density;

➂ Resulting TENGs achieve 392 V peak-to-peak voltage and 2587 μW/cm² power density, offering scalable, sustainable energy solutions for microelectronics.

➀ This study explores a novel method to enhance the β-phase content in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composites by in situ growth of silver(I) fluoride (AgF) and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles.;

➁ The goal is to improve the electrical performance of composite films for piezoelectric nanogenerators in energy-harvesting applications.

➂ The method significantly increases β-phase content and improves dielectric and piezoelectric properties.