➀ The increasing demand for AI in optical modules requires high bandwidth, low power consumption, small size, and high-density packaging. ➁ Micro-ring modulators and multi-wavelength light sources are key technologies for miniaturization and low power consumption. ➂ IMEC's micro-ring modulator receiver has a typical energy consumption of 3.5pj/bit, aiming for <4pj/bit. ➃ Energy consumption of current 800G OSFP optical modules is ~18pj/bit, and using low-power LPO can reduce it to ~8pj/bit. ➄ The future goal is to achieve <1.5pj/bit by optimizing laser technology. ➅ Micro-rings are sensitive to wavelengths and can achieve dense wavelength division multiplexing, meeting AI's needs for small size, multi-channel, high capacity, and low energy consumption. ➆ IMEC's micro-ring modulator has a radius of 2.5μm and can multiplex 27 wavelengths.