➀ DDR5 continues to increase data rates, using single-ended data lines and considering DFE at the DRAM side to mitigate signal integrity issues. ➁ Differences between DDR5 and SerDes include the number of links and channel lengths, with DDR5 being multipoint and shorter. ➂ Equalization techniques like CTLE, DFE, and FFE are used to compensate for channel losses and dispersion, with DFE being particularly effective for DDR5 due to its susceptibility to reflections. ➃ Simulation results show that while equalization is not always necessary, it is crucial for certain configurations involving DIMM slots and higher data rates.