<p>➀ Fraunhofer IDMT and partners develop a contactless acoustic cleaning method using structure-borne sound to clean PV modules without water or mechanical abrasion, addressing up to 20% yield loss caused by soiling;</p><p>➁ The technology targets a rapidly growing market, projected to reach $1.85 billion by 2033, particularly in regions with high dust and water scarcity;</p><p>➂ Funded by the German government, the project includes simulation models and algorithms to optimize cleaning efficiency, with a live demonstration at the Intersolar trade fair.</p>