<p>➀ Researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich and Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik (IHP) developed CSiGeSn, a novel four-element semiconductor alloy compatible with CMOS processes;</p><p>➁ The material enables precise tuning of electronic and photonic properties for applications in optoelectronics, quantum circuits, and thermoelectric energy conversion;</p><p>➂ Achieved using industrial-grade CVD equipment, the breakthrough paves the way for scalable integration of photonic and quantum devices in silicon-based chips.</p>