<p>➀ Researchers at the Fritz-Haber Institute have developed the Automatic Process Explorer (APE), an approach that enhances our understanding of atomic and molecular processes.</p><p>➁ APE reveals unexpected complexities in the oxidation of palladium (Pd) surfaces, providing new insights into catalyst behavior.</p><p>➂ By using machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs), APE predicts atomic interactions and improves the accuracy of simulations.</p>