<p>➀ Caltech researchers developed X1, a multi-robot system combining a humanoid robot (Unitree R1) and a deployable M4 robot capable of rolling and flying, enabling navigation in complex terrains; </p><p>➁ The system demonstrated seamless transitions between walking, driving, and flying modes to overcome obstacles like ponds and stairs in a campus simulation; </p><p>➂ Physics-based control algorithms allow autonomous adaptability, aiming to advance cooperative robotics for search, rescue, and dynamic real-world applications.</p>