<p>➀ The interface IP market grew by 23.5% in 2024, projected to reach $5.4 billion by 2029, driven by protocols like PCIe, DDR, and Ethernet with 17-21% CAGR;</p><p>➁ Synopsys dominates over 55% of the market, facing no major challengers, while competitors explore multi-product strategies (ASIC, ASSP, chiplets);</p><p>➂ AI systems and datacentric applications (e.g., HPC) fuel demand for advanced interfaces like DDR5, HBM, and 224G SerDes, with TSMC's HPC platform as a key growth driver.</p>