➀ ASMedia and Via Labs are developing USB4 v2 controllers, aiming to break Apple and Intel's exclusivity by 2026-2027;

➁ The new controllers will support 80 Gb/s bidirectional bandwidth, 120 Gb/s asymmetric mode, and advanced PAM-3 encoding;

➂ USB4 v2 enables PCIe 4.0 and DisplayPort 2.1 tunneling, with AMD platforms poised to benefit from broader compatibility.