➀ Swedish Karolinska Institute announced that American scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun have been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of microRNAs and their role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. ➁ The award recognizes their groundbreaking research on the role of small ribonucleic acids in controlling gene expression. ➂ Their work has provided insights into the mechanisms of gene regulation and has potential implications for the treatment of various diseases.

➀ Herbert Simon, born into a wealthy family, was initially a rebellious 'rich kid' who excelled in nothing but partying and fighting. ➁ His life took a dramatic turn when he met Dorothya Pye, who encouraged him to pursue academic excellence. ➂ Simon became a renowned expert in management and later delved into computer science, becoming one of the pioneers in artificial intelligence. ➃ He developed the first AI program and received numerous prestigious awards, including the Turing Award and the Nobel Prize in Economics.