❶ Apple has opted to use Google's TPUs instead of Nvidia's GPUs for developing its AI models. ❷ The Apple Foundation Models (AFMs) were trained using Google TPUv4 and TPUv5 chips, with AFM-server utilizing 8,192 TPUv4 chips and AFM-on-device using 2,048 TPUv5p chips. ❸ Apple's detailed research paper reveals the company's efforts in AI transparency and performance optimization.