<p>➀ The project presents a laptop-based HMI system using Arduino and L293D motor driver to control DC motor speed (5-36V) and direction via a GUI developed in Processing; </p><p>➁ The system replaces traditional switches/potentiometers with serial communication, enabling commands for forward/reverse motion, stop, and PWM-based speed control (3-255); </p><p>➂ Requires minimal hardware: Arduino Uno, motor driver, external power supply, and a USB connection for GUI-motor interaction.</p>