<p>➀ This study highlights the dual functionality of silica-based nanocomposites in antimicrobial and photocatalytic applications.</p><p>➁ The researchers synthesized C-SiO2, Ag-SiO2, and ZnO-SiO2 nanocomposites using green synthesis techniques.</p><p>➂ The results show strong antimicrobial and photocatalytic properties, making them viable alternatives to conventional treatments.</p>