<p>➀ Researchers at the Fritz-Haber Institute have made progress in electrocatalysis, revealing how catalysts can remain in unexpected forms during nitrate reduction processes.</p><p>➁ The study, published in Nature Materials, uses advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to observe changes in catalysts during reactions, challenging previous assumptions about catalyst behavior.</p><p>➂ The findings could pave the way for more efficient catalyst designs, particularly in ammonia production from nitrates, offering a potential alternative to traditional Haber-Bosch process with reduced carbon emissions.</p>