超级计算机,尤其是那些搭载数百万GPU的AI超级计算机,不仅在计算能力上令人惊叹,其能源消耗和环境影响也同样引人注目。这些庞大的系统通常需要大量的电力来运行和冷却,这不仅对能源供应提出了巨大挑战,也对环境造成了显著影响。例如,根据国际能源署的数据,全球数据中心的能源消耗已经占到了全球电力消耗的约1%,并且这一数字还在持续增长。此外,超级计算机的制造和运行过程中产生的碳足迹也是一个不容忽视的问题。因此,如何在提升计算能力的同时,减少能源消耗和环境影响,成为了超级计算机发展中的一个重要课题。目前,一些技术如液冷技术、可再生能源的使用以及更高效的硬件设计正在被研究和应用,以期在性能和环境可持续性之间找到平衡点。
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