<p>➀ University of Illinois researchers developed a phase-change heatsink (using paraffin wax) for satellites, enhancing thermal management in space where convection cooling is unavailable;</p><p>➁ The wax-filled heatsink absorbs peak heat through melting (170kJ/kg) and releases it via radiation, validated by CubeSat orbital tests showing gravity-independent performance;</p><p>➂ Simplified models were created for design optimization, with future studies to include solar heating effects during spacecraft orbits.</p>